Subconjunctival hemorrhage is a condition characterized by the presence of blood between the conjunctiva, the thin membrane covering the white part of the eye, and the sclera, the outer layer of the eyeball. This condition is defined as a bright red or dark patch on the white part of the eye, which occurs when small blood vessels break and leak blood into the space beneath the conjunctiva. The causes of subconjunctival hemorrhage are varied and can include trauma or injury to the eye, such as from rubbing the eye too vigorously or a minor impact. It can also result from sudden increases in pressure, such as during coughing, sneezing, or heavy lifting. Additionally, conditions that affect blood clotting, such as high blood pressure or anticoagulant medications, can contribute to subconjunctival hemorrhage. In many cases, however, the exact cause may not be identifiable. Treatment for subconjunctival hemorrhage generally focuses on managing symptoms and allowing the condition to resolve on its own. The blood in the eye typically reabsorbs over a few weeks without specific treatment. Applying cool compresses may help alleviate discomfort, though they do not speed up the healing process. It is important to avoid any further trauma to the eye and monitor for any changes in vision. If the hemorrhage is associated with severe pain, vision changes, or recurrent episodes, consulting an eye care professional is essential for further evaluation and to rule out any underlying conditions that may need treatment.
